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7th Quiz 7.1  Darwins Voyage

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
A species is a group of similar organisms that
a.
can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring.
b.
can live together on an island.
c.
can migrate to an island from the mainland.
d.
all have exactly the same traits.
 

 2. 
When Darwin compared organisms of South America with those found on the Galápagos Islands, he infered that
a.
the organisms on the Galápagos Islands were identical to South American organisms.
b.
plants and animals came to south America from the Galapagos islands.
c.
the organisms on the Galápagos Islands were completely unrelated to South American organisms.
d.
some plants and animal species had come to the Galápagos Islands from South America.
 

 3. 
What did Darwin infer from his observations of finches in the Galápagos Islands?
a.
Their feathers were adapted to match their environment.
b.
Their beaks were adaptations related to the foods the finches ate.
c.
They had identical phenotypes in all locations.
d.
They had identical genotypes in all locations.
 

 4. 
A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce is called a(n)
a.
mutation.
b.
selection.
c.
adaptation.
d.
variation.
 

 5. 
The gradual change in a species over time is called
a.
mutation.
b.
evolution.
c.
migration.
d.
variation.
 

 6. 
Darwin concluded that organisms on the Galápagos Islands
a.
had changed over time.
b.
had remained the same.
c.
were the result of artificial selective breeding.
d.
had no variations.
 

 7. 
Differences between members of the same species are called
a.
predators.
b.
selections.
c.
traits.
d.
variations.
 

 8. 
Which traits can change due to natural selection?
a.
learned behaviors
b.
artificial nails and wigs
c.
only recessive alleles
d.
Traits that are controlled by genes.
 

 9. 
Which term refers to a species creating more offspring than can possibly survive?
a.
natural selection
b.
overproduction
c.
evolution
d.
variation
 

 10. 
How does natural selection lead to evolution?
a.
Stronger offspring kill weaker members of the species.
b.
Traits that help organisms survive in their environment accumulate in a species.
c.
Overproduction provides food for stronger members of the species.
d.
Environmental changes favor weaker members of the species.
 

 11. 
Which of the following is an example of artificial selection.
a.
Desert animals can survive with little water
c.
Fish and dolphins have fins.
b.
Today’s race horses are faster than ever.
 

 12. 
What was Darwins job on the ship called the Beagle?
a.
cook
c.
naturalist
b.
navigator
 

 13. 
A naturalist is a person who studies
a.
enineering
c.
politics
b.
nature
 

 14. 
Which of the following observations lead to Darwin’s theory of evolution?
a.
A great variety of species found on Earth
c.
The various shapes of beaks in finches matched the food they were eating.
b.
Fossils of organisms of the past were different yet similar to present day organisms.
d.
All of the above
 

 15. 
Which continents did  Darwin visit during his voyage?
a.
Africa
c.
Australia
b.
South America
d.
All of the above
 

 16. 
Islands in the Pacific that particularly intrigued Darwin were the
a.
Virgin Islands
c.
Galapagos Islands
b.
Hawaiian Islands
 

 17. 
What would most likely  happen to an animal that was born with a defective trait?
a.
the defective allele would be passed on to its offspring.
c.
The animal would outlive and out-compete the other members of its species.
b.
The animal would most likely not survive or reproduce and the defective allele would not be passed on.
 

 18. 
Of all of the fossils found, which vertebrate fossils were the oldest?
a.
fish
d.
birds
b.
amphibians
e.
mammals
c.
reptiles
 

 19. 
What are the oldest fossils ever found?
a.
Stromatolites
c.
Lucy
b.
Dinosaurs
 

 20. 
A period in the past where a large variety of invertebrates emerged in the seas is known as the
a.
Cambrian Explosion
c.
Devonian period
b.
Jurasic period
 

 21. 
Which of the following is the longest unit in the geologic time scale?
a.
Eon
c.
Period
b.
Era
 

 22. 
Darwin found a fossil of an extinct sloth. How was this ancient sloth different from modern sloths?
a.
It was faster
c.
It was smaller
b.
It was larger
 

 23. 
Which two animals are more closely related?
a.
deer and fox
c.
cougar and fox
b.
wolf and fox
 

 24. 
Precambrian Time, which includes most of Earth’s history, began with
a.
an ice age.
b.
Earth forming from a mass of dust and gas.
c.
an asteroid impact.
d.
the formation of thick deposits of sediment.
 

 25. 
The geologic time scale is a record of
a.
the thickness of sedimentary rock layers.
b.
the rate of fossil formation.
c.
the life forms and geologic events in Earth’s history.
d.
the time since the evolution of dinosaurs.
 

 26. 
How did Earth change about 2.5 billion years ago when many organisms began using photosynthesis to make food?
a.
The amount of oxygen in the atmosphere increased.
b.
Mass extinctions occurred.
c.
The oceans became larger.
d.
Rainfall increased.
 

 27. 
About 260 million years ago, Earth’s continents moved together to form the supercontinent called
a.
Antarctica.
b.
Cambria.
c.
North America.
d.
Pangaea.
 

 28. 
During the Cambrian Explosion that began the Paleozoic Era, the many new forms of life that evolved
a.
lived on land.
b.
were invertebrates that lived in the sea.
c.
were vertebrates covered with scales or fur.
d.
were single-celled.
 

 29. 
During the Devonian Period, animals that could live on land began to evolve. These animals still spent part of their lives in the water. What were these animals called?
a.
trilobites
b.
reptiles
c.
amphibians
d.
dinosaurs
 

 30. 
What do most scientists think caused the mass extinction of dinosaurs and other organisms at the end of the Cretaceous Period?
a.
Volcanic eruptions covered large areas with lava.
b.
An object from space struck Earth.
c.
An ice age covered most of Earth with ice.
d.
The dinosaurs ate too many other organisms and then starved.
 

 31. 
You are looking at a fossil of a Precambrian organism that is 3.5 billion years old fossil. What were the organism’s distinguishing characteristics? It was a(n)
a.
single-celled organism.
b.
vertebrate jawless fish.
c.
invertebrate jellyfish.
d.
land-dwelling reptile.
 



 
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